Amatungo (Polyethylene Terephthalate) ni ibikoresho bya pulasitike byinshi mubikorwa byapakira. Hamwe no kongera ubumenyi ku isi, Isoko ry'ejo hazaza Isoko n'ibidukikije bya Plastike Amatungo bitakira cyane.
Ibihe byashize
Hagati mu kinyejana cya 20, amatungo adasanzwe, amatungo adasanzwe, Polyethylene Terephthalate, yahimbwe bwa mbere. Abayisirwa bashakishije ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byubucuruzi. Umucyo woroshye, gukorera mu mucyo, no gukomera byatumye habaho guhitamo neza gusaba gukwirakwira. Mu ntangiriro, amatungo yakoreshejwe cyane cyane munganda yimyenda nkibikoresho fatizo bya fibre ya synthetic (polyester). Igihe kirenze, Gushyira mu bikorwa itungo byagutse buhoro buhoro mu rwego rwo gupakira, cyane cyaneAmacupa y'ibinyobwa n'ibipfunyika y'ibiryo.
Kubanga amacupa yamatungo muri za 1970 byaranze imirwano mu nganda zipakiruka.Amacupa y'amatungo naIgikombe cyo kunywa, hamwe n'imbaraga zabo zoroheje, imbaraga nyinshi, kandi mu mucyo nziza, wasimbuye amacupa y'ibirahuri n'ibikoresho by'ibyuma, bihinduka ibikoresho byatoranijwe kubinyobwa. Hamwe niterambere ryakomeje gukorwa mu ikoranabuhanga rya ku musaruro, ikiguzi cyibikoresho byamatungo cyagabanutse buhoro buhoro, ibindi bizamura ibyifuzo byayo byisi yose.
Kuzamuka nibyiza byamatungo
Guhaguruka byihuse kubikoresho byamatungo biterwa ninyungu nyinshi. Ubwa mbere, amatungo afite imitungo myiza yumubiri, nkimbaraga nyinshi, yambara kurwanya, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, bigatuma bikora neza mubipaki ninganda. Icya kabiri, ibikoresho byamatungo bifite gukorera mu mucyo kandi bikati, bikagira ingaruka nziza zigaragara muri porogaramu nk'icupa ry'ibinyobwa n'ibikoresho.
Byongeye kandi, itubakishijwe ibikoresho byamatungo nabyo ni inyungu ikomeye. Amatungo ya Plastike arashobora gukoreshwa kandi yanyuzwe binyuze muburyo bwumubiri cyangwa imiti kugirango utange amatungo asubirwamo (RPEP) ibikoresho. Ibikoresho bya RPEpe ntibishobora gukoreshwa gusa kubyara amacupa mashya ariko nanone gukoreshwa mumyenda, kubaka, nibindi bikoresho, bigabanya cyane ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije.
Ingaruka y'ibidukikije
Nubwo ari byiza cyane mubikoresho byamatungo, ingaruka zibidukikije ntizishobora kwirengagizwa. Inzira yumusaruro wa plastique yamatungo bimara umubare munini wamavuta kandi bitanga ibyuka bya gare bya greenhouse. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro ibifuniko by'amatungo mu bidukikije biratinda cyane, akenshi bisaba imyaka amagana, bikabatera isoko nyamukuru ya plastike.
Ariko, ugereranije nubundi bwoko bwa plastiki, ituba itungo riha akarusho runaka mu kurengera ibidukikije. Imibare irerekana ko abantu bagera kuri 26% ya plastiki basubijwe kwisi yose, umubare munini mwinshi kuruta ibindi bikoresho bya plastike. Mu kongera igipimo cyo gutunganya ibishushanyo by'amatungo, ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije zirashobora kugabanuka neza.
Ingaruka y'ibidukikije
Nubwo ari byiza cyane mubikoresho byamatungo, ingaruka zibidukikije ntizishobora kwirengagizwa. Inzira yumusaruro wa plastique yamatungo bimara umubare munini wamavuta kandi bitanga ibyuka bya gare bya greenhouse. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro ibifuniko by'amatungo mu bidukikije biratinda cyane, akenshi bisaba imyaka amagana, bikabatera isoko nyamukuru ya plastike.
Ariko, ugereranije nubundi bwoko bwa plastiki, ituba itungo riha akarusho runaka mu kurengera ibidukikije. Imibare irerekana ko abantu bagera kuri 26% ya plastiki basubijwe kwisi yose, umubare munini mwinshi kuruta ibindi bikoresho bya plastike. Mu kongera igipimo cyo gutunganya ibishushanyo by'amatungo, ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije zirashobora kugabanuka neza.
Ingaruka y'ibidukikije y'ibikombe byamatungo
Nk'ibiribwa bisanzwe n'ibiryo byo gupakira ibidukikije, ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikijeIbikombe byamatungonabyo ni impungenge zikomeye. Nubwo ibikombe byamatungo hamwe nicyiza cyicyayi cyicyayi gifite ibyiza nko kuba mubwibone nko kuba mirabyo yoroshye, mu mucyo, no kunezeza cyane, gukoresha byinshi kandi bidakwiye birashobora kuganisha ku bibazo bikomeye by'ibidukikije.
Igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro ibikombe byamatungo mubidukikije biratinda cyane. Niba bidasubirwamo, barashobora guteranya igihe kirekire kuri ecosystems. Byongeye kandi, ibikombe byibikombe byashoboka birashobora gufata ingaruka zubuzima mugihe cyo gukoresha, nko kurekura ibintu byangiza munsi yimiterere yubushyuhe bwinshi. Kubwibyo, guteza imbere gutunganya no kongera ibikombe byamatungo kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zibidukikije nicyo kibazo cyihutirwa kigomba gukemurwa.
Ibindi bikorwa bya plastike yamatungo
Usibye amacupa y'ibinyobwa hamwe no gupakira ibiryo, ibiryo by'amatungo bikoreshwa cyane mubindi bice. Mu nganda zimbuto, inyamanswa, nkuko ibikoresho nyamukuru bifatika bya fibre ya polyester, bikoreshwa cyane mugutanga imyenda no murugo. Mu rwego rw'inganda, plastike y'amatungo, bitewe n'imitungo yabo myiza y'umubiri, ikoreshwa mu gukora ibice bya elegitoroniki n'ibice by'imodoka.
Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byamatungo bifite ibyifuzo bimwe mubuvuzi nubwubatsi. Kurugero, amatungo arashobora gukoreshwa mu gutanga ibikoresho byubuvuzi nibipfundikiro bipakiye bya farumasi kubera bioquatis hamwe numutekano. Mu nganda zubwubatsi, ibikoresho byamatungo birashobora gukoreshwa mugutanga ibikoresho byo kwikinisha nibikoresho byo gushushanya, bizwi kubintu byabo nibidukikije.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kubyerekeyeIbikombe
1. Nibikombe byamatungo bifite umutekano?
Ibikombe byinyamanswa bifite umutekano mubihe bisanzwe byo gukoresha kandi ukurikize ibipimo bijyanye nibikoresho byo guhuza ibiryo. Ariko, barashobora kurekura ibimenyetso byinshi byangiza munsi yimiterere yubushyuhe bwinshi, birasabwa kwirinda gukoresha ibikombe byamatungo mubushyuhe bukabije.
2. Nibikombe by'inyamanswa bisubirwamo?
Ibikombe byinyamanswa birasubirwamo kandi birashobora gutunganywa mubikoresho byamatungo byatunganijwe binyuze muburyo bwumubiri cyangwa imiti. Ariko, igipimo nyacyo cyo gusubiramo kigarukira kubwuzuye bwa sisitemu yo gutunganya no kumenya abaguzi.
3. Ni izihe ngaruka z'ibidukikije z'ibikombe by'inyamanswa?
Igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro ibikombe byinyamanswa mubidukikije biratinda, birashoboka ko bishobora gutera ingaruka ndende kuri ecosstems. Kongera igipimo cyo gutunganya no guteza imbere ikoreshwa ryibikoresho byamatungo bishyuwe ni inzira nziza zo kugabanya ingaruka zabo zishingiye ku bidukikije.
Ahazaza h'amatungo
Hamwe no kongera ubumenyi ku isi no gukomeza gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho by'amatungo bizahura amahirwe mashya yiterambere nibibazo mugihe kizaza. Ku ruhande rumwe, harakomeza gukura kwikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwo gutunganya, biteganijwe ko biteganijwe ibikoresho by'amatungo bizagenda neza, bityo bigabanya ingaruka mbi zidukikije. Ku rundi ruhande, ubushakashatsi no gushyira mu bikorwa amatungo ashingiye kuri bio (ibikoresho bya bio-port nabyo biratera imbere, gutanga icyerekezo gishya mu iterambere rirambye ryibikoresho byamatungo.
Mugihe kizaza,Ibikombe by'ibinyobwa, Inyama z'imbuto z'icyayi, n'ibikombe by'inyamanswa bizita cyane ku mikorere y'ibidukikije n'imitako y'ubuzima, guteza imbere iterambere rirambye. Munsi yisi yimbere yibanze, ejo hazaza h'ibikoresho by'amatungo byuzuye ibyiringiro n'ibishoboka. Binyuze mu guhanga udushya n'imbaraga, biteganijwe ko amafoto ya Plastike azabona uburinganire hagati yo guhura no guhura n'isoko ry'ejo hazaza hamwe no kurengera ibidukikije, bigatuma icyitegererezo cyatsi kibisi.
Gutezimbere plastike byamatungo bigomba kwibanda ku bisabwa ku isoko gusa ahubwo no ku ngaruka z'ibidukikije. Mu kongera igipimo cyo gutunganya, guteza imbere ikoreshwa ryamatungo ya gitunganijwe, kandi utezimbere ubushakashatsi niterambere ryamatungo ashingiye kubinyabuzima, biteganijwe ko plastiki ishingiye kuri bio, plastike ishingiye ku binyabuzima, iteganyagihe rya bio, plastike ishingiye ku bidukikije hagati yisoko ryibidukikije, bihuye nibikorwa bibiri.
Mviecopackirashobora kuguha umuco uwo ariwo woseIbikoresho by'ibirimonaIbiryo byo kuryacyangwa ibikombe byose bisubirwamo ushaka. Hamwe n'imyaka 12 yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, Mviecopack yoherejwe hanze y'ibihugu 100. Urashobora kutwandikira igihe icyo aricyo cyose cyo kwihitiramo no kuyamamaza. Tuzasubiza mu masaha 24.
Igihe cya nyuma: Jul-19-2024
