UBUMENYI MU RWEGO RW'INGANDA |

IKIBAZO CY'IBIHUGU BIKOMEYE CYANE KU BUZIMA N'IBIDUKIKIJE

— DUKWIYE KWISUBIZA DUTE?

Umwanditsi: MVI ECO

2026/1/9

Tubushakashatsi buheruka bwakozwe naInama ishinzwe kurengera umutungo kamere (NRDC)Inyundo zigaragaza ukuri gukomeye: uduce duto twa plastiki twarenze buri nzitizi iri hagati y’ibidukikije n’imibiri y’abantu, twinjira hafi ya buri mfuruka y’ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Utu duce duto—buri kamwe kangana na milimetero 5—tugaragara mu ngingo z’umubiri w’umuntu nk’amaraso n’ubwonko, ndetse no mu butaka, mu nyanja, no mu mwuka duhumeka. Ibyinshi bituruka ku gusenyuka cyangwa gutakaza amapaki akoreshwa rimwe gusa, imyenda, n’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa buri munsi, bigatera ingaruka mbi ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ku isi no guhisha ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima rusange dutangiye gusobanukirwa.

Ihinduka ry'Isi Yose:

Ubusabe bwo gupakira ibintu bitangiza ibidukikije buriyongera

AImpinduka mu miterere y’imyitwarire y’abaguzi irimo gutera kwiyongera k’ubwiyongere bw’abashaka gupakira ibintu birambye. Ubushakashatsi bwa Nielsen bwo mu 2025 bwagaragaje ko 73% by’abaguzi biteguye kwishyura igiciro cya 15-20% ku bicuruzwa bipfunyitse mu bikoresho birengera ibidukikije—kandi amasoko yo mu Burayi no muri Amerika ya Ruguru ni yo ayoboye iki giciro. Ababyeyi, abakunzi b’ubuzima, Millennials, na Gen Z ubu bashyira imbere "ibidakoresha plastiki, bishobora kongera gukoreshwa, cyangwa gufumbira" nk'ibintu byo kwisiga cyangwa gusohora iyo bahisemo ibirango. Ubusabe burushaho kwiyongera mu biribwa n'ibinyobwa, kwita ku buzima bwite, n'ibicuruzwa by'abana, bigatuma habaho ahantu hagaragara ho gutera imbere mu gupakira ibintu.

Gukomeza amategeko mpuzamahanga byatumye gupakira bitangiza ibidukikije biva ku "bintu byiza byo gutunga" biba ibintu by'ingenzi. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi rishinzwe gupakira no gupakira imyanda (PPWR) ritegeka ko gupakira byose byinjira ku masoko y'i Burayi bishobora kongera gukoreshwa cyangwa kongera gukoreshwa bitarenze 2030, mu gihe ribuza burundu ipulasitiki ikoreshwa rimwe nk'ibyatsi n'ibikoresho byo mu gikoni. Muri Kaliforuniya, muri Amerika, amategeko agenga ubucuruzi bwagutse (EPR) ahatira ibigo by'ubucuruzi kwita ku myanda ipakira mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima bwabyo, bigatuma ababicuruza bo mu mahanga bihutisha impinduka mu buryo bw'ibidukikije.

Nigute warwanya microplastics?

Ibisubizo bitatu by'ingenzi byo gupakira ibintu birambye

ANubwo isoko rikomeje kwiyongera cyane ndetse n’igitutu cy’amategeko agenga ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa, urwego rw’ibipfunyika rukeneye ibisubizo bifatika kandi birambye kugira ngo ruhangane n’ihumana rya microplastic kandi ritange agaciro gafatika:

1. Ibikoresho Bishobora Gusubiramo no Gusubiramo: Microplastics ziciwe aho zikomoka

Gukoresha pulasitiki zikoreshwa nyuma yo kugurwa (PCR), insinga zikomoka ku bimera (nk'ibisheke, umugano, n'ibishyimbo), hamwe n'impapuro zibungabunga ibidukikije bigabanya cyane kwishingikiriza kuri pulasitiki idahinduka - imwe mu masoko akomeye ya pulasitiki ikomoka ku musaruro no kwangirika. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2024 n'Umuryango Ushinzwe Gupakira Ibicuruzwa Birambye bwerekana ko amacupa ya pulasitiki ya PCR yagabanyije amazi ya pulasitiki ku kigero cya 40% ugereranije n'amacupa ya pulasitiki asanzwe adahinduka. Ibigo nka Patagonia na Unilever byamaze kuyobora inzira binyuze mu guhindura imirongo imwe n'imwe y'ibicuruzwa bikajya mu gupakira 100% bya PCR, bishyiraho urugero rw'inganda no kongera ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa.

2. Gupfunyika mu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa mu ifumbire: Uburyo bwiza bwo gukemura ibibazo bigoye kongera gukoresha

Ibikoresho bishobora gufumbira nk'aside polylactic(PLA)), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), izigupakira pulasitiki yasubiwemoBishobora gusenyuka burundu mu buryo bw’umwimerere cyangwa mu nganda hatabayeho kurekura microplastics. Ni byiza cyane mu buryo bigoye kongera gukoresha nk'ibikoresho byo mu biribwa, ibyapa byo kohereza umusaruro mushya, n'ibikoresho byo ku meza bikoreshwa rimwe gusa. Mu Burayi, abacuruzi bakomeye nka Carrefour na Tesco bashyizeho amategeko akaze: abatanga ibicuruzwa bagomba gukoresha ifumbire ikoreshwa mu gupfunyika ibintu bishya. Iyi politiki y'inyungu itanga inzira isobanutse yo gukura mu bushakashatsi, iterambere, no gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa mu gupfunyika.

3. Uburyo bwo gupakira bushobora kongera gukoreshwa: Hubaka umurongo ngenderwaho w’ubukungu

Uburyo bwo gupfunyika buzunguruka bushingiye ku "gukusanya no gusukura no kongera gukoresha" bukuraho imyanda ikoreshwa rimwe mu mizi yayo, butanga igisubizo cy'igihe kirekire ku mwanda wa microplastic.Pake y'ibikoresho bya MVIIkorana n'abacuruzi bo ku isi yose mu gutanga amapaki ashobora kongera gukoreshwa mu biribwa no mu byo bakeneye buri munsi, ndetse inategura ibisubizo byihariye bihuye n'ibyo bakeneye byihariye. Ubu buryo ntibugabanya gusa imyanda ahubwo bunajyana n'iterambere ry'isi yose rigana ku bukungu buzunguruka.

Uretse gupakira:

Tera imbere ibidukikije kugira ngo ugere ku iterambere rirambye

TImpinduramatwara ku bidukikije ku isi yatewe n’ihumana rya microplastic irimo kuvugurura inganda zikora ibipfunyika. Ni mu gushyira imbere ibidukikije, kubahiriza amabwiriza, no kwibanda ku byo isoko rikeneye—mu gihe dushyira imbaraga mu gushora imari mu bisubizo birambye—ni bwo dushobora gukoresha amahirwe muri iyi mpinduka no guhindura ikibazo cy’ibidukikije ku isi kikaba imbarutso y’iterambere ryiza mu rwego rwo gupfunyika ibipfunyika.

Uburyo 10 bwo kugabanya ikwirakwizwa rya microplastic

(Kuva mu nyandiko ya NRDC yitwa “Microplastic Tsunami”)

Byashyizweho kuriNRDCIncamake ya vuba aha, “Tsunami ya microplastic,Dore ingamba zifatika abaguzi bashobora gufata kugira ngo bagabanye ikwirakwizwa rya microplastic kuri bo n'imiryango yabo:

Hitamo amazi yo mu robine aho gukoresha amazi yo mu macupa.
Ntuzigere ushyushya ibiryo mu bikoresho bya pulasitiki muri mikoroonde.
Suzuma ibikoresho byo mu gikoni bya pulasitiki biri mu rugo rwawe.
Hitamo imitako karemano yo gukoresha mu matapi, mu bikoresho byo mu nzu no mu myenda.
Ukunda icyayi? Irinde imifuka y'icyayi ya pulasitiki igihe cyose bishoboka.
Zana igikombe cyawe gishobora kongera gukoreshwa (reka amahitamo ya bioplastic).
Irinde amacupa ya pulasitiki y'abana.
Suzuma ibikoresho byawe byo guteka bidafatana (byinshi birimo pulasitiki zihishe).
Itondere plastike zihishe mu bikoresho byo mu mihango nka pad na tampons.
Irinde ibikoresho byo kwiyitaho birimo microplastics nkana.

Impinduka nto ziyongeraho. Duhinduye imikorere ya buri munsi kandi tugashyigikira uburyo bwo gupakira ibintu mu buryo burambye, twese dushobora kugira uruhare mu kugabanya ikibazo cy’ingufu za microplastic.

SOMA INYANDIKO YOSE Y'IKI GICE N'UBUYOBOZI BW'ABAGUZI