Aside ya polylactic (PLA) na aside ya polylactic ya crystallized (CPLA) ni ibikoresho bibiri bitangiza ibidukikije byakunzwe cyane muriPLA naCPLA gupfunyikamu myaka ya vuba aha. Nk’imashini zikoresha ibinyabuzima, zigaragaza inyungu zigaragara ku bidukikije ugereranije na pulasitiki zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa peteroli.
Ibisobanuro n'Itandukaniro Hagati ya PLA na CPLA
PLA, cyangwa aside polylactic, ni bio-plastic ikozwe mu bintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa nk'ibijumba by'ibigori cyangwa ibisheke binyuze mu gushyushya, polymerization, n'izindi nzira. PLA ifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika neza kandi ishobora kwangirika burundu na mikorobe zikavamo dioxyde de carbone na amazi mu bihe runaka. Ariko, PLA ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ubushyuhe buke kandi ikoreshwa mu bushyuhe buri munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 60.
CPLA, cyangwa aside polylactic ya crystallized, ni ibikoresho byahinduwe bikorwa no gukaraba PLA kugira ngo yongere ubushyuhe bwayo. CPLA ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 90, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu bikorwa bisaba ubushyuhe bwinshi. Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati ya PLA na CPLA riri mu gutunganya ubushyuhe no kurwanya ubushyuhe, aho CPLA ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha.
Ingaruka za PLA na CPLA ku bidukikije
Umusaruro wa PLA na CPLA ushingiye ku bikoresho fatizo bya biomass, bigabanya cyane kwishingikiriza ku mutungo wa peteroli. Mu gihe cy'iterambere ry'ibi bikoresho fatizo, dioxyde de carbone inyuzwa muri fotosite, bigatuma habaho ubushobozi bwo kutagira karuboni mu buzima bwabyo bwose. Ugereranyije na plastiki gakondo, ibikorwa bya PLA na CPLA bisohora imyuka mike cyane ihumanya ikirere, bityo bigabanyiriza ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije.
Byongeye kandi,PLA na CPLA bishobora kubora nyuma yo gutabwa, cyane cyane mu nganda zikora ifumbire mvaruganda, aho zishobora kwangirika burundu mu mezi make. Ibi bigabanya ibibazo by'imyanda ya pulasitiki mu bidukikije karemano kandi bigabanya kwangirika kw'ibidukikije by'ubutaka n'ibyo mu mazi biterwa n'imyanda ya pulasitiki.
Ibyiza bya PLA na CPLA ku bidukikije
Kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikomoka kuri peteroli
PLA na CPLA bikorwa mu bintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa nk'ibijumba by'ibigori cyangwa ibisheke, bitandukanye na pulasitiki gakondo zishingiye ku bintu bikomoka kuri peteroli. Ibi bivuze ko uburyo bwo kubitunganya bugabanya cyane kwishingikiriza ku bintu bidasubira gukoreshwa nka peteroli, bigafasha mu kubungabunga ibikomoka kuri peteroli no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, bityo bigabanye imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Ingufu zitagira aho zibogamiye za karuboni
Kubera ko ibinyabutabire bya biomass byinjiza dioxyde de carbone mu gihe cyo gukura kwabyo binyuze muri fotosite, gukora no gukoresha PLA na CPLA bishobora gutuma habaho kutagira karubone. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, gukora no gukoresha pulasitiki gakondo akenshi bitera imyuka myinshi ya karubone. Kubwibyo, PLA na CPLA bifasha kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima bwabyo, bigabanye ubushyuhe bw'isi.
Kubora kw'ibinyabuzima
PLA na CPLA bifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika neza, cyane cyane mu nganda aho bishobora kwangirika burundu mu mezi make. Ibi bivuze ko bitaguma mu bidukikije nk'ibya pulasitiki gakondo, bigabanya umwanda w'ubutaka n'amazi yo mu nyanja. Byongeye kandi, ibintu byangiritse bya PLA na CPLA ni dioxyde de carbone na amazi, ibyo bikaba bitangiza ibidukikije.
Kongera gukoreshwa
Nubwo uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha ibikomoka kuri pulasitiki (bioplastics) bukiri gutera imbere, PLA na CPLA bifite ubushobozi bwo kongera gukoresha ibikomoka kuri pulasitiki. Hamwe n'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga no gushyigikira politiki, kongera gukoresha ibikomoka kuri pulasitiki (PLA) na CPLA bizakwirakwira hose kandi bigire akamaro. Gukoresha ibi bikoresho mu kongera gukoresha ibikomoka kuri pulasitiki ntibigabanya gusa imyanda ya pulasitiki ahubwo binazigama umutungo n'ingufu.
Ubwa mbere, gukoresha PLA na CPLA bishobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’umutungo kamere wa peteroli no guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’umutungo kamere mu buryo burambye. Nk’ibikoresho bishingiye ku binyabuzima, bigabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu gihe cyo gukora, bityo bikagabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Kugabanya umwanda wa pulasitiki
Bitewe no kwangirika vuba kwa PLA na CPLA mu bihe runaka, bishobora kugabanya cyane ukwirundanya kw'imyanda ya pulasitiki mu bidukikije, bikagabanya kwangirika kw'ibinyabuzima byo ku isi no mu mazi. Ibi bifasha mu kurinda urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima, kubungabunga ibidukikije, no gutanga ibidukikije byiza ku bantu n'ibindi binyabuzima.
Kongera Imikoreshereze Myiza y'Umutungo
Nk’ibikoresho bishingiye ku binyabuzima, PLA na CPLA bishobora gukoresha umutungo neza binyuze mu nzira zo kongera gukoresha no kwangiza. Ugereranyije na plastiki gakondo, uburyo bwo kuyikora no kuyikoresha burabungabunga ibidukikije, bigabanya ingufu n’ikoreshwa ry’umutungo kandi bikanoza imikoreshereze y’umutungo muri rusange.
Icya kabiri, kwangirika kwa PLA na CPLA bifasha kugabanya kwangirika kw'ibidukikije biva mu myanda no gutwika imyanda. Byongeye kandi, ibintu byangiritse bya PLA na CPLA ni dioxyde de carbone na amazi, bidatera kwanduza ibidukikije.
Hanyuma, PLA na CPLA nazo zifite ubushobozi bwo kongera gukoresha. Nubwo uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha ibikomoka kuri pulasitiki bitarashyirwaho neza, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere politiki, kongera gukoresha PLA na CPLA bizarushaho kwiyongera. Ibi bizagabanya umutwaro w’imyanda ya pulasitiki ku bidukikije kandi binoze uburyo bwo gukoresha umutungo kamere neza.
Gahunda zo gushyira mu bikorwa ibidukikije zishoboka
Kugira ngo PLA na CPLA bigerweho neza ku bidukikije, hakenewe kunoza gahunda mu musaruro, imikoreshereze no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho. Ubwa mbere, amasosiyete agomba gushishikarizwa gukoresha PLA na CPLA nk'uburyo bwo gusimbura plastiki gakondo, bigateza imbere iterambere ry'imisaruro idasanzwe. Guverinoma zishobora kubishyigikira binyuze mu ngamba za politiki n'inkunga y'amafaranga kugira ngo hazamurwe inganda za plastiki zishingiye ku binyabuzima.
Icya kabiri, gushimangira iyubakwa ry’uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha no gutunganya PLA na CPLA ni ingenzi cyane. Gushyiraho uburyo bwuzuye bwo gutondekanya no kongera gukoresha ibintu bishya bituma ibimera bishobora kwinjira mu buryo bwiza mu buryo bwo kongera gukoresha ibintu bishya cyangwa mu buryo bwo gufumbira. Byongeye kandi, iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rijyanye nabyo rishobora kunoza igipimo cyo kongera gukoresha ibintu bishya no kwangirika kwa PLA na CPLA.
Byongeye kandi, kwigisha abaturage no kumenyekanisha ibikorwa byabo bigomba kongerwa kugira ngo abaguzi barusheho kumenyekana no kwishimira gukoreshaIbicuruzwa bya PLA na CPLABinyuze mu bikorwa bitandukanye byo kwamamaza no kwigisha, ubukangurambaga ku bidukikije bushobora gushimangirwa, bigashishikariza abantu gukoresha nabi ibidukikije no gutoranya imyanda.
Ingaruka zitezwe ku bidukikije
Mu gushyira mu bikorwa izi ngamba zavuzwe haruguru, hateganijwe ingaruka zikurikira ku bidukikije. Icya mbere, gukoresha PLA na CPLA mu gupakira bizagabanya cyane ikoreshwa rya pulasitiki zikomoka kuri peteroli, bityo bikagabanya umwanda wa pulasitiki uturuka aho ituruka. Icya kabiri, kongera gukoresha no kwangirika kwa pulasitiki zishingiye ku binyabuzima bizagabanya neza umutwaro w’ibidukikije uterwa no gutwika imyanda, bityo binoze ireme ry’ibidukikije.
Muri icyo gihe, guteza imbere no gushyira mu bikorwa PLA na CPLA bizatera imbere inganda zibungabunga ibidukikije kandi biteze imbere ishyirwaho ry’icyitegererezo cy’ubukungu bushingiye ku ruziga. Ibi ntibifasha gusa mu ikoreshwa rirambye ry’umutungo ahubwo binatera imbaraga mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no gukura mu bukungu mu nganda zifitanye isano, bigatuma habaho uruhererekane rwiza rw’iterambere ribungabunga ibidukikije.
Mu gusoza, kubera ko ibikoresho bishya bitangiza ibidukikije, PLA na CPLA bigaragaza ubushobozi bukomeye mu kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’umutungo kamere n’ihumana ry’ibidukikije. Hamwe n’ubuyobozi bukwiye bwa politiki n’inkunga y’ikoranabuhanga, ikoreshwa ryabyo mu gupakira rishobora kugera ku ngaruka zifuzwa ku bidukikije, bikagira uruhare rwiza mu kurengera ibidukikije by’Isi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-20-2024
