Iterambere ry’inganda zitanga serivisi z’ibiribwa, cyane cyane urwego rw’ibiribwa byihuse, ryatumye habaho gukenera cyane ibikoresho byo ku meza bya pulasitiki bishobora gukoreshwa, bikurura cyane abashoramari. Ibigo byinshi bitanga ibikoresho byo ku meza byinjiye mu irushanwa ku isoko, kandi impinduka muri politiki zigira ingaruka ku buryo ubu bucuruzi bubona inyungu. Bitewe n’ibibazo by’ibidukikije ku isi bikomeje kwiyongera, iterambere rirambye n’ibitekerezo byo kurengera ibidukikije byagiye biba ubwumvikane buke hagati y’abaturage. Muri iki gihe, isoko ry’ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora gukoreshwa bishobora kwangirika.(nk'udusanduku tw'ibiryo dushobora kubora,ibikoresho bishobora gufumbira, n'ibipfunyika by'ibiribwa bishobora kongera gukoreshwa)yagaragaye nk'imbaraga zikomeye mu guhangana n'ihumana rya pulasitiki.
Gukangura ubumenyi ku bidukikije no guteza imbere isoko ry'ibanze
Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 20, umwanda wa pulasitiki wari warakuruye abantu ku isi. Imyanda ya pulasitiki mu nyanja n'imyanda idapfa kwangirika mu myanda byangizaga ibidukikije cyane. Mu rwego rwo gusubiza ibyo bibazo, abaguzi n'ibigo by'ubucuruzi batangiye kongera gutekereza ku ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki gakondo no gushaka ubundi buryo bworohereza ibidukikije. Amasanduku y'ibiryo ashobora kwangirika n'ibikoresho byo gupfunyikamo ifumbire byavutse muri ubwo buryo. Ibi bicuruzwa bikunze gukorwa mu bintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa nk'ibisheke, ibinyampeke by'ibigori, n'imigozi y'ibimera, bishobora kwangirika binyuze mu kwangirika cyangwa gufumbira mu bidukikije karemano, bityo bikagabanya umutwaro w'ibidukikije. Nubwo ibi bicuruzwa byo ku meza bidapfa kwangirika bitari byarakwirakwiriye mu ntangiriro, byashyizeho urufatiro rw'iterambere ry'isoko mu gihe kizaza.
Ubuyobozi bwa Politiki n'Ukwagura Isoko
Mu kinyejana cya 21, politiki zikomeye ku isi zo kubungabunga ibidukikije zabaye imbaraga zikomeye mu kwagura isoko ry’ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora kwangirika. Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi wafashe iya mbere mu gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza ya *Gukoresha rimwe gusa ipulasitiki* mu 2021, yabuzaga kugurisha no gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi bya plastiki bikoreshwa rimwe gusa. Iyi politiki yihutishije ishyirwaho ryaudusanduku tw'ibiryo dushobora kuboran'ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora guhingwa mu ifumbire ku isoko ry'i Burayi kandi byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bindi bihugu n'uturere ku isi. Ibihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'Ubushinwa byashyizeho politiki yo gushishikariza ikoreshwa ry'ibipfunyika by'ibiribwa bishobora kongera gukoreshwa kandi birambye, buhoro buhoro bikuraho ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bitabora. Aya mabwiriza yatanze inkunga ikomeye mu kwagura isoko, bituma ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora kubora bikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kurya biba amahitamo rusange.
Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga n'iterambere ryihuse ry'isoko
Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga twabaye ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi mu iterambere ry'isoko ry'ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora kwangirika. Hamwe n'iterambere mu bumenyi bw'ibikoresho, ibikoresho bishya bishobora kwangirika nka aside polylactic (PLA) na polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) byakoreshejwe cyane. Ibi bikoresho ntibirusha pulasitiki gakondo gusa mu kwangirika ahubwo binabora vuba mu gihe cyo gukora ifumbire mvaruganda, byujuje ibisabwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Muri icyo gihe, iterambere mu nganda ryazamuye cyane umusaruro no kugabanya ibiciro, bikomeza guteza imbere isoko. Muri icyo gihe, amasosiyete yateje imbere cyane kandi yateje imbere ibikoresho bishya byo ku meza birengera ibidukikije, yongera vuba ingano y'isoko, kandi yongera kwakira ibicuruzwa bishobora kwangirika ku baguzi.
Ibibazo bya politiki n'uburyo isoko ribyitwaramo
Nubwo isoko rikura vuba, imbogamizi ziracyahari. Ku ruhande rumwe, hari itandukaniro mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki n'uburyo ikoreshwa. Amategeko agenga ibidukikije ahura n'ingorane mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu bihugu bitandukanye no mu turere dutandukanye. Urugero, mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, ibikorwa remezo bidahagije bibangamira iterambere ry'ibipfunyika by'ibiribwa bishobora gufumbirwa. Ku rundi ruhande, amasosiyete amwe, mu gushaka inyungu z'igihe gito, yashyizeho ibicuruzwa bitujuje ubuziranenge. Ibi bintu, nubwo bivuga ko "bishobora kwangirika" cyangwa "bishobora gufumbirwa," ntibitanga inyungu zitezwe ku bidukikije. Iki kibazo ntigikuraho icyizere cy'abaguzi ku isoko gusa ahubwo kinabangamira iterambere rirambye ry'inganda zose. Ariko, izi mbogamizi zanatumye amasosiyete n'abashyiraho politiki bibanda cyane ku gushyiraho amahame agenga isoko, bateza imbere ishyirwaho n'ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'amahame agenga inganda kugira ngo barebe ko ibicuruzwa bitagira ingaruka ku bidukikije ari byo byiganje ku isoko.
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza: Impamvu ebyiri zituma politiki n'isoko birushaho kuba byiza
Mu gihe urebye imbere, isoko ry’ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora kwangirika bishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe runaka, ryitezwe ko rizakomeza kwiyongera cyane, bitewe na politiki n’ingufu z’isoko. Uko ibisabwa ku rwego rw’isi bikomeza gukomera, inkunga ya politiki n’ingamba zo kugenzura bizarushaho guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho byo gupfunyika mu buryo burambye. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rizakomeza kugabanya ikiguzi cy’umusaruro no kunoza imikorere y’ibicuruzwa, bikongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora kwangirika ku isoko. Ubumenyi bw’ibidukikije buri kwiyongera mu baguzi buzatuma isoko rirushaho gukenera, aho amasanduku y’ibiryo ashobora kwangirika, ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika, n’ibindi bicuruzwa bibungabunga ibidukikije birushaho kwemerwa ku isi hose.
Nk'umwe mu bayobozi b'inganda,MVI ECOPACKTuzakomeza kwiyemeza guteza imbere no guteza imbere ibikoresho byo ku meza bibungabunga ibidukikije, dusubize ku busabe mpuzamahanga bwo gushyiraho politiki z’ibidukikije, kandi dutange umusanzu mu iterambere rirambye. Twizera ko hamwe n’ibipimo bibiri by’ubuyobozi bwa politiki n’udushya ku isoko, isoko ry’ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora kwangirika bizongera gukoreshwa rizagira ahazaza heza, rigere ku nyungu rusange mu kurengera ibidukikije no mu iterambere ry’ubukungu.
Mu gusuzuma amateka y’iterambere ry’isoko ry’ibikoresho byo ku meza bishobora kwangirika, biragaragara ko imbaraga zishingiye kuri politiki n’udushya ku isoko byagize uruhare mu iterambere ry’uru rwego. Mu gihe kizaza, munsi y’imbaraga ebyiri za politiki n’isoko, uru rwego ruzakomeza gutanga umusanzu mu bikorwa mpuzamahanga byo kubungabunga ibidukikije, ruyobora icyerekezo cyo gupfunyika ibintu mu buryo burambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-15-2024
